Abstract
Manc.ar.chae'um. L. masc. adj.
mancus
, crippled, maimed; N.L. neut. n.
archaeum
, an archaeon; N.L. neut. n.
Mancarchaeum
, a crippled archaeon, an archaeon with absence of many pathways in the genome.
Microcaldota / Microcaldia / Candidatus Micrarchaeales / Candidatus Micrarchaeaceae / Candidatus Mancarchaeum
The archaeon
Candidatus
Mancarchaeum was identified in a binary culture during the isolation of
Cuniculiplasma divulgatum
strain PM4. The culture was established with water saturated sediment sample from acidic stream flowing on Parys Mountain copper mine, Isle of Anglesey, UK. The proportion of genomic reads of
Ca
. Mancarchaeum in the binary culture was ca. 10%.
Ca
. Mancarchaeum is phylogenetically affiliated with members of the phylum
Microcaldota
, class
Microcaldia
, order
Ca
. Micrarchaeales, family
Ca
. Micrarchaeaceae. The cultivation experiments and analysis of the 952,257 bp genome suggest aerobic/microaerobic, organoheterotrophic (proteolytic/peptidolytic), acidophilic, and mesophilic lifestyle. The genome analysis showed the lack of complete central pathways and limited respiratory capacities, indicating reliance on the host, in that particular case,
C. divulgatum
PM4. The metagenomic analysis also suggested the lateral gene transfer events between the
Ca
. Mancarchaeum and host
in situ
.
Ca
. Mancarchaeum was found as a minor member of microbial community of Parys Mountain acid mine drainage stream. Further environmental distribution of representatives of this
Candidatus
genus showed preferences to habitats with low pHs and temperatures between 35 and 50°C.
DNA G + C content (mol%)
: 39.5 (genome sequence).
Type species
:
Candidatus
Mancarchaeum acidiphilum
Golyshina et al. 2017, CL1.