Publications

4748

Abstract Na.no.pe.trae'us. Gr. masc. n. nanos a dwarf; L. masc. adj. petraeus (from Gr. masc. adj. petraios ) living on or among the rocks; N.L. masc. n. Nanopetraeus small organism growing inside rocks. The originally proposed name Nanopetramus was corrected to Nanopetraeus . The genus Candidatus Nanopetraeus corrig. (originally named Candidatus Nanopetramus) was established based on a genome sequence found in the metagenome of halite endoliths sampled at Salar Grande in the northern Atacama Desert, Chile. A species name was not proposed. Candidatus Nanopetraeus is phylogenetically affiliated with members of the Ca . Nanohaloarchaeota branch ( Candidatus Haloredivivus, Candidatus Nanosalina, and Candidatus Nanosalinicola corrig.) of the archaeal DPANN superphylum. Analysis of the 1.1 Mb genome of Ca . Nanopetraeus SG9 with 46.4% DNA G + C suggests that the organism has a photoheterotrophic lifestyle, based on the presence of archaeal genes for carbohydrate metabolism and rhodopsin biosynthesis. The low median isoelectric point for the predicted proteins suggests a “salt‐in” strategy for osmotic balance. 16S rRNA gene sequences affiliated with Ca . Nanopetraeus were recovered from saltern ponds and hypersaline lakes worldwide. DNA G + C content (mol%) : 46.4 (metagenome‐assembled genome sequence). Type species : Not assigned. Taxonomic and Nomenclature Notes According to the List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature (LPSN), the taxonomic status of the genus Candidatus Nanopetraeus is: preferred name (not correct name) (last update, February 2025) * . LPSN classification: Archaea / Nanobdellati / Candidatus Nanohalarchaeota / incertae sedis / incertae sedis / incertae sedis / Candidatus Nanopetraeus Candidatus Nanopetraeus could not be recovered in GTDB ** . * Meier‐Kolthoff et al. ( 2022 ). Nucleic Acids Res , 50 , D801 – D807 ; DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkab902 ** Parks et al. ( 2022 ). Nucleic Acids Res , 50 , D785 – D794 ; DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkab776

Abstract Na.no.sa.li.ni'co.la. Gr. masc. n. nanos dwarf; L. fem. pl. n. salinae saltworks; L. suff. –cola (from L. masc. or fem. n. incola ) inhabitant, dweller; N.L. masc. n. Nanosalinicola a dwarf‐sized organism inhabiting saltworks. The genus Candidatus Nanosalinicola corrig., originally described as Candidatus Nanosalinarum, was established based on a sequence from a metagenome recovered from the hypersaline Lake Tyrrell in Victoria, Australia. Ca . Nanosalinicola is phylogenetically affiliated with members of the Candidatus Nanohaloarchaeota branch ( Candidatus Nanosalina, Candidatus Nanopetraeus corrig., and Candidatus Haloredivivus) of the archaeal DPANN superphylum. On the basis of fluorescence in situ hybridization, cells are ∼0.6 μm in diameter. Analysis of the ∼1.22 Mb genome of Ca . Nanosalinicola J07AB56 with 56% DNA G + C suggests that the organism is an aerobic photoheterotroph. The high proportion of acidic amino acids of the predicted proteins suggests a “salt‐in” strategy for osmotic balance. Gene sequences affiliated with Ca . Nanosalinicola have also been recovered from coastal salterns in Australia and California, USA. DNA G + C content (mol%) : 56 (genome sequence). Type species : Not assigned. Genome sequence : AEIX00000000. Taxonomic and Nomenclature Notes According to the List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature (LPSN), the taxonomic status of the genus Candidatus Nanosalinicola is: preferred name (not correct name) (last update, February 2025) * . LPSN classification: Archaea / Nanobdellati / Candidatus Nanohalarchaeota / Candidatus Nanohaloarchaea / incertae sedis / incertae sedis / Candidatus Nanosalinicola Candidatus Nanosalinicola could not be recovered in GTDB ** . * Meier‐Kolthoff et al. ( 2022 ). Nucleic Acids Res , 50 , D801 – D807 ; DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkab902 ** Parks et al. ( 2022 ). Nucleic Acids Res , 50 , D785 – D794 ; DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkab776

Abstract Ha.lo.re.di.vi'vus. Gr. masc. n. hals , halos salt; L. masc. adj. redivivus renewed, renovated; N.L. masc. n. Haloredivivus a reconstructed salty organism. The genus Candidatus Haloredivivus was established based on a sequence of a single‐cell‐amplified genome recovered from a solar saltern pond of intermediate salinity in Spain. Ca . Haloredivivus is phylogenetically affiliated with members of the Candidatus Nanohaloarchaeota branch ( Candidatus Nanosalina, Candidatus Nanosalinicola corrig., and Candidatus Nanopetraeus corrig.) of the archaeal DPANN superphylum. Analysis of the ∼1.2 Mb genome of Ca . Haloredivivus with 42.1% G + C suggests that the organism leads a photoheterotrophic lifestyle and may be able to degrade different polysaccharides. The low median isoelectric point for the predicted proteins suggests a “salt‐in” strategy for osmotic balance. Gene sequences affiliated with Ca . Haloredivivus were recovered from a salt lake in Romania and from soda lakes in Siberia. DNA G + C content (mol%) : 42.0–42.1 (genome sequence). Type species : Not assigned. Taxonomic and Nomenclature Notes According to the List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature (LPSN), the taxonomic status of the genus Candidatus Haloredivivus is: preferred name (not correct name) (last update, February 2025) * . LPSN classification: Archaea / Nanobdellati / Candidatus Nanohalarchaeota / Candidatus Nanohaloarchaea / incertae sedis / incertae sedis / Candidatus Haloredivivus Candidatus Haloredivivus could not be recovered in GTDB ** . * Meier‐Kolthoff et al. ( 2022 ). Nucleic Acids Res , 50 , D801 – D807 ; DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkab902 ** Parks et al. ( 2022 ). Nucleic Acids Res , 50 , D785 – D794 ; DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkab776

Abstract Ha.lo.bo'num. Gr. masc. n. hals , halos salt; L. masc. adj. bonus good; N.L. neut. n. Halobonum a good salt organism. The genus Candidatus Halobonum with a single proposed species Candidatus Halobonum tyrrellense corrig. consists of extremely halophilic members of the haloarchaeal family Halorubraceae most closely related to the genus Halobaculum . The only isolate known was obtained from hypersaline surface waters of Lake Tyrrell, Victoria, Australia. In spite of the fact that a pure culture was isolated, Ca . Halobonum and Ca . Halobonum tyrrellense were described as Candidatus taxa. No cultures are currently available. Ca . Halobonum tyrrellense strain G22 was isolated on medium containing 235 g/l salt and with glycerol as the sole carbon source. Few phenotypic properties were reported. The genome size was estimated at 3,675,087 bp, with a DNA G + C content of 70.1 mol %. A putative sensory rhodopsin and a high number of ABC transporters and carbon metabolism genes were identified in the draft genome. 16S rRNA gene sequences affiliated with Ca . Halobonum were recovered from a hypersaline, ephemeral playa at the White Sands National Monument, New Mexico, USA, and from Chinese salt lakes and salterns. DNA G + C content (mol %) : 70.1 (genome sequence). Type species : Candidatus Halobonum tyrrellense. Taxonomic and Nomenclature Notes According to the List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature (LPSN), the taxonomic status of the genus Candidatus Halobonum is: preferred name (not correct name) (last update, February 2025) * . LPSN classification: Archaea / Methanobacteriati / Methanobacteriota / Halobacteria / Halobacteriales / Haloferacaceae / Candidatus Halobonum The genus Candidatus Halobonum can also be recovered in the Genome Taxonomy Database (GTDB) as g__Halobaculum (version v220) ** . GTDB classification: d__Archaea / p__Halobacteriota / c__Halobacteria / o__Halobacteriales / f__Haloferacaceae / g__Halobaculum * Meier‐Kolthoff et al. ( 2022 ). Nucleic Acids Res , 50 , D801 – D807 ; DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkab902 ** Parks et al. ( 2022 ). Nucleic Acids Res , 50 , D785 – D794 ; DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkab776

Abstract Na.no.sa.li'na. Gr. masc. n. nanos dwarf; N.L. masc. adj. salinus salty; N.L. fem. n. Nanosalina a dwarf‐size salty organism. The genus Candidatus Nanosalina was established based on a sequence from a metagenome recovered from the hypersaline Lake Tyrrell in Victoria, Australia. Ca . Nanosalina is phylogenetically affiliated with members of the Candidatus Nanohaloarchaeota branch ( Candidatus Nanosalinicola corrig., Candidatus Nanopetraeus corrig., and Candidatus Haloredivivus) of the archaeal DPANN superphylum. On the basis of fluorescence in situ hybridization, cells are ∼0.6 μm in diameter. Analysis of the ∼1.23 Mb genome of Ca . Nanosalina J07AB43 with 43.5% DNA G + C suggests that the organism possesses an aerobic, photoheterotrophic lifestyle. The high proportion of acidic amino acids of the predicted proteins suggests a “salt‐in” strategy for osmotic balance. Gene sequences affiliated with Ca . Nanosalina have been recovered from coastal salterns in Australia and California, USA. DNA G + C content (mol%) : 43.5 (genome sequence). Type species : Not assigned. Taxonomic and Nomenclature Notes According to the List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature (LPSN), the taxonomic status of the genus Candidatus Nanosalina is: preferred name (not correct name) (last update, February 2025) * . LPSN classification: Archaea / Nanobdellati / Candidatus Nanohalarchaeota / Candidatus Nanohaloarchaea / Candidatus Nanosalinales / Candidatus Nanosalinaceae / Candidatus Nanosalina Candidatus Nanosalina could not be recovered in GTDB ** . * Meier‐Kolthoff et al. ( 2022 ). Nucleic Acids Res , 50 , D801 – D807 ; DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkab902 ** Parks et al. ( 2022 ). Nucleic Acids Res , 50 , D785 – D794 ; DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkab776

Abstract An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.

Abstract Several Trichonympha protist species in the termite gut have independently acquired Desulfovibrio ectosymbionts in apparently different stages of symbiosis. Here, we obtained the near-complete genome sequence of Desulfovibrio phylotype ZnDsv-02, which attaches to the surface of Trichonympha collaris cells, and compared it with a previously obtained genome sequence of ‘Candidatus Desulfovibrio trichonymphae’ phylotype Rs-N31, which is almost completely embedded in the cytoplasm of Trichonympha agilis. Single-nucleotide polymorphism analysis indicated that although Rs-N31 is almost clonal, the ZnDsv-02 population on a single host cell is heterogeneous. Despite these differences, the genome of ZnDsv-02 has been reduced to 1.6 Mb, which is comparable to that of Rs-N31 (1.4 Mb), but unlike other known ectosymbionts of protists with a genome similar in size to their free-living relatives. Except for the presence of a lactate utilization pathway, cell-adhesion components and anti-phage defense systems in ZnDsv-02, the overall gene-loss pattern between the two genomes is very similar, including the loss of genes responsive to environmental changes. Our study suggests that genome reduction can occur in ectosymbionts, even when they can be transmitted horizontally and obtain genes via lateral transfer, and that the symbiont genome size depends heavily on their role in the symbiotic system.

AbstractThe control of carrot psyllid Trioza apicalis Förster largely relies on chemical measures, and the current integrated pest management (IPM) strategy is based on pest scouting. The number of active ingredients available for psyllid control will further decline in the coming years. The need for alternative control measures is therefore urgent. In this work the efficiency of different control programs including a kaolin particle film and plant‐derived, crude saponin extract, chemical control, insect net and IPM (kaolin in combination with insecticides) programs to reduce psyllid feeding damage, reproduction and the spread of “Candidatus Liberibacter solanacearum” (CLso) in carrots was studied. Each year in 2016–2018, four replicates of each treatment were randomised in a row‐column design on a commercial carrot farm. After the treatments were executed, the psyllid nymphs and eggs were counted. At the harvest, the carrot roots and shoots were weighed, damages assessed, and samples were taken for CLso detection from 50 plants at each replicate. Kaolin treatment alone and in combination with insecticides effectively reduced the number of psyllid nymphs and eggs in all the years studied. Saponin was applied only on the first year, since it significantly increased the number of T. apicalis eggs compared to other treatments. The insect net was superior to other treatments in all the studied aspects in all the years. Under normal weather conditions, the highest root weight was harvested under the insect net, followed by the chemical control program consisting of pyrethroids, kaolin treatment, untreated control and saponin treatment. During extreme weather conditions, chemical control programs were not effective at protecting the carrots from psyllid feeding, which was reflected as low root yield. In all years, the carrot leaf damage percent negatively correlated with the root weight. Similarly, the shoot:root ratio increased as the leaf‐curling percentage rose, which was even pronounced under drought stress. The effect of climatic stress should be considered when developing IPM strategies.