Publications

4844

ABSTRACT Here, we report the draft genome sequence of “ Paramesorhizobium deserti ” A-3-E T , a strain isolated from the Taklimakan Desert of Xinjiang, China, which is resistant to multiple β-lactam antibiotics and other antibiotics (kanamycin, erythromycin, streptomycin, etc.) as well.

ABSTRACT Phytoplasmas are bacterial plant pathogens with devastating impact on agricultural production worldwide. In eastern Africa, Napier grass stunt disease causes serious economic losses in the smallholder dairy industry. This draft genome sequence of “ Candidatus Phytoplasma oryzae” strain Mbita1 provides insight into its genomic organization and the molecular basis of pathogenicity.

AbstractThe tree of life is one of the most important organizing principles in biology1. Gene surveys suggest the existence of an enormous number of branches2, but even an approximation of the full scale of the tree has remained elusive. Recent depictions of the tree of life have focused either on the nature of deep evolutionary relationships3–5 or on the known, well-classified diversity of life with an emphasis on eukaryotes6. These approaches overlook the dramatic change in our understanding of life's diversity resulting from genomic sampling of previously unexamined environments. New methods to generate genome sequences illuminate the identity of organisms and their metabolic capacities, placing them in community and ecosystem contexts7,8. Here, we use new genomic data from over 1,000 uncultivated and little known organisms, together with published sequences, to infer a dramatically expanded version of the tree of life, with Bacteria, Archaea and Eukarya included. The depiction is both a global overview and a snapshot of the diversity within each major lineage. The results reveal the dominance of bacterial diversification and underline the importance of organisms lacking isolated representatives, with substantial evolution concentrated in a major radiation of such organisms. This tree highlights major lineages currently underrepresented in biogeochemical models and identifies radiations that are probably important for future evolutionary analyses.

Summary Multicellular magnetotactic prokaryotes ( MMPs ) are a peculiar group of magnetotactic bacteria, each comprising approximately 10–100 cells of the same phylotype. Two morphotypes of MMP have been identified, including several species of globally distributed spherical mulberry‐like MMPs (s‐ MMPs ), and two species of ellipsoidal pineapple‐like MMPs (e‐ MMPs ) from C hina ( Q ingdao and R ongcheng cities). We recently collected e‐ MMPs from M editerranean S ea sediments ( S ix‐ F ours‐les‐ P lages) and D rummond I sland, in the S outh C hina S ea. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that the MMPs from S ix‐ F ours‐les‐ P lages and the previously reported e‐ MMP C andidatus   M agnetananas rongchenensis have 98.5% sequence identity and are the same species, while the MMPs from D rummond I sland appear to be a novel species, having > 7.1% sequence divergence from the most closely related e‐ MMP , C andidatus   M agnetananas tsingtaoensis. Identification of the novel species expands the distribution of e‐ MMPs to T ropical Z one. Comparison of nine physical and chemical parameters revealed that sand grain size and the content of inorganic nitrogen (nitrate, ammonium and nitrite) in the sediments from R ongcheng C ity and S ix‐ F ours‐les‐ P lages were similar, and lower than found for sediments from the other two sampling sites. The results of the study reveal broad diversity and wide distribution of e‐ MMPs .