Publications

3996

A novel aerobic, heterotrophic bacterium, designated BiosLi39T, was isolated from the South East Pacific Ocean. Cells were Gram-negative gliding rods forming yellow colonies on marine agar. The isolate was oxidase-, catalase- and alkaline phosphatase-positive andβ-galactosidase-negative. Strain BiosLi39Tgrew at 20-37 °C (optimum 30 °C), at pH 7.0–9.0 (optimum pH 8.0) and with 20–60 g NaCl l−1(optimum 30–50 g NaCl l−1). The fatty acids (>1 %) comprised iso-C14 : 0, iso-C15 : 1G, iso-C15 : 0, anteiso-C15 : 0, C15 : 1G, C15 : 0, iso-C15 : 02-OH, iso-C16 : 1G, iso-C16 : 0, iso-C16 : 03-OH, iso-C16 : 02-OH, iso-C17 : 03-OH, C17 : 02-OH and three unidentified components with equivalent chain lengths of 17.87, 18.10 and 18.71. A significant proportion of the hydroxylated fatty acids are amide-linked. The lipid pattern indicated the presence of phosphatidylethanolamine, two unidentified aminolipids and three unidentified polar lipids. The strain contained menaquinone 7 as the sole respiratory lipoquinone and did not produce flexirubin-type pigments. The G+C content of the genomic DNA was 37.2 mol%. Comparative 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis indicated that strain BiosLi39Twas distantly related to all of the representatives of the phylumBacteroidetes. Its closest relative wasMarinoscillum furvescensIFO 15994T, with which it shared 92.5 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity. On the basis of genotypic, phenotypic and chemotaxonomic characteristics, we propose a novel genus and species,Ekhidnagen. nov., sp. nov., with type strain BiosLi39T(=DSM 19307T=CIP 109600T=OOB 398T).

Five Gram-negative, facultatively anaerobic, non-spore-forming, coccoid rod-shaped bacterial isolates were obtained from infant formula and an infant formula production environment and were investigated by use of a polyphasic taxonomic study. Biochemical tests and partial rpoB gene sequence analysis of the five isolates revealed that they formed two distinct groups in the family Enterobacteriaceae, closely related to several species of the genera Pantoea and Erwinia, which indicated a phylogenetic position within the genus Pantoea or the genus Erwinia. Multilocus sequence analysis of concatenated partial atpD, gyrB, infB and rpoB gene sequences of two of the isolates suggested that they represented two novel species of the genus Pantoea, phylogenetically related most closely to Pantoea septica. The five isolates had general characteristics consistent with those of the genus Pantoea, and DNA–DNA hybridizations between two representatives and the type strains of their phylogenetically closest relatives based on comparative 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis showed that the isolates represented two novel genospecies. These two genospecies could be differentiated from each other based on fermentation of galacturonate, sorbitol and potassium 5-ketogluconate. They could be differentiated from phylogenetically related Pantoea species based on their ability to ferment lactose and to utilize β-gentiobiose and raffinose, their inability to ferment or utilize d-arabitol, and their inability to produce indole. On the basis of the results obtained, the five isolates are considered to represent two novel species of the genus Pantoea, for which the names Pantoea gaviniae sp. nov. (type strain A18/07T =LMG 25382T =DSM 22758T) and Pantoea calida sp. nov. (type strain 1400/07T =LMG 25383T =DSM 22759T) are proposed.