Publications

4457

A catalase-positive, rod-shaped, non-proteolytic, non-motile, anaerobic bacterial strain, designated B086562T, was isolated from a blood culture of an 84-year-old male patient in Israel. According to 16S rRNA gene sequence phylogeny, this strain has no known close relatives among recognized bacteria but should be placed within the familyLachnospiraceae. The most closely related recognized bacteria were from the ‘Clostridium clostridioformegroup’:C. clostridioforme(92.4 %) andClostridium bolteae(92.3 %). The isolate produced butyrate, lactate, acetate and succinate as major metabolic end products. The major fatty acids were C16 : 0and C18 : 1cis9 DMA and the DNA G+C content was 46.0 mol%. On the basis of the phenotypic properties and phylogenetic distinctiveness, the blood isolate represents a novel species of a new genus in the familyLachnospiraceae, for which the nameEisenbergiella tayigen. nov., sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain ofEisenbergiella tayiis B086562T( = LMG 27400T = DSM 26961T = ATCC BAA-2558T).

ABSTRACT Bacterial endosymbionts of the pine bark adelgid, Pineus strobi (Insecta: Hemiptera: Adelgidae), were investigated using transmission electron microscopy, 16S and 23S rRNA-based phylogeny, and fluorescence in situ hybridization. Two morphologically different symbionts affiliated with the Gammaproteobacteria were present in distinct bacteriocytes. One of them (“ Candidatus Annandia pinicola”) is most closely related to an endosymbiont of Adelges tsugae , suggesting that they originate from a lineage already present in ancient adelgids before the hosts diversified into the two major clades, Adelges and Pineus . The other P. strobi symbiont (“ Candidatus Hartigia pinicola”) represents a novel symbiont lineage in members of the Adelgidae. Our findings lend further support for a complex evolutionary history of the association of adelgids with a phylogenetically diverse set of bacterial symbionts.