Journal of Bacteriology

ABSTRACT Ammonia-oxidizing archaea (AOA) play important roles in nitrogen and carbon cycling in marine and terrestrial ecosystems. Here, we present the draft genome sequence for the ammonia-oxidizing archaeon “ Candidatus Nitrosopumilus salaria” BD31, which was enriched in culture from sediments of the San Francisco Bay estuary. The genome sequences revealed many similarities to the genome of Nitrosopumilus maritimus .

ABSTRACT Here, we present the draft genome sequence of “ Candidatus Nitrosoarchaeum limnia” BG20, an ammonia-oxidizing archaeon enriched in culture from low-salinity sediments of the San Francisco Bay estuary. The genome sequence revealed many similarities to the previously sequenced genome of “ Ca. Nitrosoarchaeum limnia” SFB1 (enriched from a nearby site in San Francisco Bay) and is representative of a clade of ammonia-oxidizing archaea (AOA) found in low-salinity habitats worldwide.

ABSTRACT “ Candidatus Methylomirabilis oxyfera” is a newly discovered denitrifying methanotroph that is unrelated to previously known methanotrophs. This bacterium is a member of the NC10 phylum and couples methane oxidation to denitrification through a newly discovered intra-aerobic pathway. In the present study, we report the first ultrastructural study of “ Ca . Methylomirabilis oxyfera” using scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and electron tomography in combination with different sample preparation methods. We observed that “ Ca . Methylomirabilis oxyfera” cells possess an atypical polygonal shape that is distinct from other bacterial shapes described so far. Also, an additional layer was observed as the outermost sheath, which might represent a (glyco)protein surface layer. Further, intracytoplasmic membranes, which are a common feature among proteobacterial methanotrophs, were never observed under the current growth conditions. Our results indicate that “ Ca . Methylomirabilis oxyfera” is ultrastructurally distinct from other bacteria by its atypical cell shape and from the classical proteobacterial methanotrophs by its apparent lack of intracytoplasmic membranes.

ABSTRACT The sequence of the genome of “ Candidatus Tremblaya princeps” strain PCVAL, the primary endosymbiont of the citrus mealybug Planococcus citri , has been determined. “ Ca . Tremblaya princeps” presents an unusual nested endosymbiosis and harbors a gammaproteobacterial symbiont within its cytoplasm in all analyzed mealybugs. The genome sequence reveals that “ Ca . Tremblaya princeps” cannot be considered an independent organism but that the consortium with its gammaproteobacterial symbiotic associate represents a new composite living being.

ABSTRACT Ammonia-oxidizing archaea are ubiquitous microorganisms which play important roles in global nitrogen and carbon cycle on earth. Here we present the high-quality draft genome sequence of an ammonia-oxidizing archaeon, “ Candidatus Nitrosopumilus koreensis” MY1, that dominated an enrichment culture of a soil sample from the rhizosphere. Its genome contains genes for survival in the rhizosphere environment as well as those for carbon fixation and ammonium oxidation to nitrite.