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‘Candidatus Phytoplasma spartii’, ‘Candidatus Phytoplasma rhamni’ and ‘Candidatus Phytoplasma allocasuarinae’, respectively associated with spartium witches'-broom, buckthorn witches'-broom and allocasuarina yellows diseases

Citation
Marcone et al. (2004). International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology 54 (4)
Names
Ca. Phytoplasma allocasuarinae Ca. Phytoplasma rhamni Ca. Phytoplasma spartii
Abstract
Spartium witches'-broom (SpaWB), buckthorn witches'-broom (BWB) and allocasuarina yellows (AlloY) are witches'-broom and yellows diseases of Spartium junceum (Spanish broom), Rhamnus catharticus (buckthorn) and Allocasuarina muelleriana (Slaty she-oak), respectively. These diseases are associated with distinct phytoplasmas. The SpaWB, BWB and AlloY phytoplasmas share <97·5 % 16S rDNA sequence similarity with each other and with other known phytoplasmas, including the closely related phytoplas

‘Candidatus Phytoplasma cynodontis’, the phytoplasma associated with Bermuda grass white leaf disease

Citation
Marcone et al. (2004). International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology 54 (4)
Names
Ca. Phytoplasma cynodontis
Abstract
Bermuda grass white leaf (BGWL) is a destructive, phytoplasmal disease of Bermuda grass (Cynodon dactylon). The causal pathogen, the BGWL agent, differs from other phytoplasmas that cluster in the same major branch of the phytoplasma phylogenetic clade in <2·5 % of 16S rDNA nucleotide positions, the threshold for assigning species rank to phytoplasmas under the provisional status ‘Candidatus’. Thus, the objective of this work was to examine homogeneity of BGWL isolates and to determine whethe

‘Candidatus Phytoplasma’, a taxon for the wall-less, non-helical prokaryotes that colonize plant phloem and insects

Citation
The IRPCM Phytoplasma/Spiroplasma Working Team - Phytoplasma taxonomy group, The IRPCM Phytoplasma/Spiroplasma Working Team – Phytoplasma taxonomy group (2004). International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology 54 (4)
Names
Ca. Phytoplasma
Abstract
The trivial name ‘phytoplasma’ has been adopted to collectively name wall-less, non-helical prokaryotes that colonize plant phloem and insects, which were formerly known as mycoplasma-like organisms. Although phytoplasmas have not yet been cultivated in vitro, phylogenetic analyses based on various conserved genes have shown that they represent a distinct, monophyletic clade within the class Mollicutes. It is proposed here to accommodate phytoplasmas within the novel genus ‘Candidatus (Ca.) Phyt

Chitinibacter tainanensis gen. nov., sp. nov., a chitin-degrading aerobe from soil in Taiwan

Citation
Chern et al. (2004). International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology 54 (4)
Names
Chitinibacteraceae
Abstract
Five strains with strong chitinolytic activity were isolated from a soil sample collected from southern Taiwan. The strains shared more than 92 % DNA–DNA similarity, indicating membership of the same genospecies. This close relationship was supported by high similarities in fatty acid composition and biochemical characteristics. A 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis indicated that the isolates were members of the class ‘Betaproteobacteria’, in which they formed an individual subline of descent that

‘Candidatus Phytoplasma mali’, ‘Candidatus Phytoplasma pyri’ and ‘Candidatus Phytoplasma prunorum’, the causal agents of apple proliferation, pear decline and European stone fruit yellows, respectively

Citation
Seemuller et al. (2004). International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology 54 (4)
Names
Ca. Phytoplasma mali Ca. Phytoplasma prunorum Ca. Phytoplasma pyri
Abstract
Apple proliferation (AP), pear decline (PD) and European stone fruit yellows (ESFY) are among the most economically important plant diseases that are caused by phytoplasmas. Phylogenetic analyses revealed that the 16S rDNA sequences of strains of each of these pathogens were identical or nearly identical. Differences between the three phytoplasmas ranged from 1·0 to 1·5 % of nucleotide positions and were thus below the recommended threshold of 2·5 % for assigning species rank to phytoplasmas und

Clover proliferation phytoplasma: ‘Candidatus Phytoplasma trifolii’

Citation
Hiruki et al. (2004). International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology 54 (4)
Names
Ca. Phytoplasma trifolii
Abstract
Clover proliferation phytoplasma (CPR) is designated as the reference strain for the CP phylogenetic group or subclade, on the basis of molecular analyses of genomic DNA, the 16S rRNA gene and the 16S–23S spacer region. Other strains related to CPR include alfalfa witches'-broom (AWB), brinjal little leaf (BLL), beet leafhopper-transmitted virescence (BLTV), Illinois elm yellows (ILEY), potato witches'-broom (PWB), potato yellows (PY), tomato big bud in California (TBBc) and phytoplasmas from Fr

Candidatus B.A. und der„CANON” - Prozess

Citation
Jaenicke (2004). Chemie in unserer Zeit 36 (3)
Names
Abstract