Molecular Biology

ABSTRACT Ammonia-oxidizing archaea (AOA) typically predominate over ammonia-oxidizing bacteria in marine sediments. We herein present the draft genome sequence of an ammonia-oxidizing archaeon, “ Candidatus Nitrosopumilus sediminis” AR2, which was enriched in culture from a marine sediment obtained off Svalbard, within the Arctic Circle. The typical genes involved in archaeal ammonia oxidation and carbon fixation necessary for chemolithoautotrophic growth were observed. Interestingly, the AR2 genome sequence was revealed to possess, uniquely among cultivated AOA from marine environments, a capability for urea utilization.

ABSTRACT We report the draft genome sequence of “ Candidatus Methanomethylophilus alvus” Mx1201, a methanogen present in the human gut. It was enriched from human feces under anaerobic conditions with methanol as the substrate. Its circular genome, of around 1.7 Mb, contains genes needed for methylotrophic methanogenesis from methanol and tri-, di-, and monomethylamine.

ABSTRACT Ammonia-oxidizing archaea (AOA) are ubiquitous in various marine environments and play important roles in the global nitrogen and carbon cycles. We here present a high-quality draft genome sequence of an ammonia-oxidizing archaeon, “ Candidatus Nitrosopumilus koreensis” AR1, which was found to dominate an ammonia-oxidizing enrichment culture in marine sediment off Svalbard, the Arctic Circle. Despite a significant number of nonoverlapping genes (ca. 30%), similarities of this strain to “ Candidatus Nitrosopumilus maritimus” were revealed by core genes for archaeal ammonia oxidation and carbon fixation, G+C content, and extensive synteny conservation.

ABSTRACT “ Candidatus Microthrix” bacteria are deeply branching filamentous actinobacteria which occur at the water-air interface of biological wastewater treatment plants, where they are often responsible for foaming and bulking. Here, we report the first draft genome sequence of a strain from this genus: “ Candidatus Microthrix parvicella” strain Bio17-1.

ABSTRACT The genome of “ Candidatus Portiera aleyrodidarum,” the primary endosymbiont of the whitefly Bemisia tabaci (Mediterranean species), is reported. It presents a reduced genome (357 kb) encoding the capability to synthetize, or participate in the synthesis of, several amino acids and carotenoids, being the first insect endosymbiont capable of supplying carotenoids.

ABSTRACT “ Candidatus Portiera aleyrodidarum” is the obligate primary endosymbiotic bacterium of whiteflies, including the sweet potato whitefly Bemisia tabaci , and provides essential nutrients to its host. Here we report two complete genome sequences of this bacterium from the B and Q biotypes of B. tabaci .

ABSTRACT We report the complete genome sequence of “ Candidatus Mycoplasma haemolamae,” an endemic red-cell pathogen of camelids. The single, circular chromosome has 756,845 bp, a 39.3% G+C content, and 925 coding sequences (CDSs). A great proportion (49.1%) of these CDSs are organized into paralogous gene families, which can now be further explored with regard to antigenic variation.

ABSTRACT Sulfur-oxidizing bacteria are common microorganisms in a variety of sulfide-rich environments. They play important roles in the global sulfur cycle on earth. Here, we present a high-quality draft genome sequence of a sulfur-oxidizing bacterium, “ Candidatus Sulfurovum sediminum” strain AR, which belongs to the class Epsilonproteobacteria and dominated an enrichment culture from a marine sediment collected off Svalbard, within the Arctic Circle. Its genome contains genes for sulfur oxidation and carbon fixation. The size of the draft genome is 2.12 Mb, and the G+C content is 39.4%.